miércoles, 12 de marzo de 2008

Familia de protocolos de Internet

familia de protocolos de Internet es un conjunto de protocolos de red en la que se basa Internet y que permiten la transmisión de datos entre redes de computadoras. En ocasiones se la denomina conjunto de protocolos TCP/IP, en referencia a los dos protocolos más importantes que la componen: Protocolo de Control de Transmisión (TCP) y Protocolo de Internet (IP), que fueron los dos primeros en definirse, y que son los más utilizados de la familia. Existen tantos protocolos en este conjunto que llegan a ser más de 100 diferentes, entre ellos se encuentra el popular HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), que es el que se utiliza para acceder a las páginas web, además de otros como el ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) para la resolución de direcciones, el FTP (File Transfer Protocol) para transferencia de archivos, y el SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) y el POP (Post Office Protocol) para correo electrónico, TELNET para acceder a equipos remotos, entre otros.

El TCP/IP es la base de Internet, y sirve para enlazar computadoras que utilizan diferentes sistemas operativos, incluyendo PC, minicomputadoras y computadoras centrales sobre redes de área local (LAN) y área extensa (WAN). TCP/IP fue desarrollado y demostrado por primera vez en 1972 por el departamento de defensa de los Estados Unidos, ejecutándolo en ARPANET, una red de área extensa del departamento de defensa.

La familia de protocolos de internet puede describirse por analogía con el modelo OSI, que describe los niveles o capas de la pila de protocolos, aunque en la práctica no corresponde exactamente con el modelo en Internet. En una pila de protocolos, cada nivel soluciona una serie de problemas relacionados con la transmisión de datos, y proporciona un servicio bien definido a los niveles más altos. Los niveles superiores son los más cercanos al usuario y tratan con datos más abstractos, dejando a los niveles más bajos la labor de traducir los datos de forma que sean físicamente manipulables.

El modelo de Internet fue diseñado como la solución a un problema práctico de ingeniería. El modelo OSI, en cambio, fue propuesto como una aproximación teórica y también como una primera fase en la evolución de las redes de ordenadores. Por lo tanto, el modelo OSI es más fácil de entender, pero el modelo TCP/IP es el que realmente se usa. Sirve de ayuda entender el modelo OSI antes de conocer TCP/IP, ya que se aplican los mismos principios, pero son más fáciles de entender en el modelo OSI.

Internet

Internet es un método de interconexión descentralizada de redes de computadoras implementado en un conjunto de protocolos denominado TCP/IP y garantiza que redes físicas heterogéneas funcionen como una red lógica única, de alcance mundial. Sus orígenes se remontan a 1969, cuando se estableció la primera conexión de computadoras, conocida como ARPANET, entre tres universidades en California y una en Utah, EE.UU.

Al contrario de lo que se piensa comúnmente, Internet no es sinónimo de World Wide Web (WWW, o "la Web"). Ésta es parte de Internet, siendo uno de los muchos servicios ofertados en la red Internet. La Web es un sistema de información mucho más reciente, desarrollado inicialmente por Tim Berners Lee en 1989. El WWW utiliza Internet como medio de transmisión.

Algunos de los servicios disponibles en Internet, aparte de la Web, su versión evolucionada Web 2.0 y los sistemas operativos web (WebOS, EyeOS), son el acceso remoto a otras máquinas (SSH y telnet), la transferencia de archivos (FTP), el correo electrónico (SMTP y POP), los boletines electrónicos (news o grupos de noticias), las conversaciones en línea (IRC y chats), la mensajería instantánea, la compartición de archivos (P2P, P2M, Descarga Directa), la radio a la carta (Podcast), el visionado de video a la carta (P2PTV, Miro, Joost, Videocast) y los juegos en línea.

lunes, 18 de febrero de 2008

How to Wrap a Birthday Gift

Step 1:
Choose a wrapping paper appropriate to the gift recipient. Is the gift for a child's birthday? Your grandmother's birthday? Does the recipient have a favorite color? There are wrapping papers available to suit any gift recipient.

Step 2:
Choose coordinating ribbon, and either purchase a premade bow or make your own. See "How to Tie a Decorative Bow" in Related eHows for instructions. If you decide to make your own bow, purchase additional ribbon.

Step 3:
Gather your materials and lay them out on a flat work surface. A kitchen or dining room table works best, but be sure not to scratch the table's surface when cutting the wrapping paper.

Step 4:
Use a string or a tape measure to determine the dimensions of your gift box. For a rectangular box, measure around the box as if you were measuring a waist. Add 2 inches to this dimension, and jot down this number.

Step 5:
Measure the length of your gift box. Measure the height of the box, multiply that number by two and add the total to the length measurement. Write this number down.

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How to Throw a White Elephant Gift Exchange

How to Throw a White Elephant Gift Exchange

Step 1:
Send out party invitations to all of the people on your guest list. Specify that everyone should bring a wrapped gift to the party for a white elephant gift exchange, and include any additional rules for the exchange, say a price limit or a stipulation that all gifts must be used items.

Step 2:
As guests arrive, have them deposit their gift on a table.

Step 3:
Then, pass around a hat with numbered pieces of paper (one number for each gift), and have each guest draw a number.

Step 4:
The person who draws "1" gets first pick from the pile, and opens her gift for everyone to see.

Step 5:
Then it's the turn of the person who drew "2." He can choose to steal the first person's gift or pick another gift from the pile, and open it. If the second person chooses to steal the first persons gift, the first person gets to choose another gift from the pile.

Step 6:
The person who drew "3" goes next, and must choose between stealing one of the first two gifts or choosing a new gift from the pile.

Step 7:
The game continues in this manner until everyone has a gift.



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How to make an inspirational accordion book

Things You’ll Need:

  • 2 - 3.5" square pieces of colored and/or textured Mat Board
  • 1 - 3"x18" piece of drawing/heavyweight paper
  • ruler or ruled cutting mat
  • bone folder or spoon
  • YES! Paste or other glue (PVA is a good alternative)
  • scrap papers from magazine or catalog
  • glue & paint brush
  • 32" length of ribbon
  • watercolor paints
  • saran wrap
  • stamps, pens, markers, etc... whatever you like working with

Step 1:

All your supplies

Collect your supplies and keep them all nearby.

Step 2:
Cut or tear a 3"x18" piece of heavyweight paper. The paper should be sturdy enough to handle watercolor paints.

Step 3:

Every 3 inches, fold & crease

Use your bone folder or the back of a spoon to crease every 3". You should have five (5) folds and six (6) "panels".

Step 4:
Lay paper on your work surface so the end panels are up and the end folds are "valley folds", or folds that look like: \/.

Step 5:
Choose your favorite color and paint the entire piece of paper - end to end.

This is what it'll look like with both covers on

Repeat step 10 with the other end & second piece of mat board

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How to Stay Away From Phthalates in Toys

Things You’ll Need:

  • Squeaky Toys For A Baby
  • Washcloths
  • Baby Rattles
  • Baby Toys

Step 1:
Familiarize yourself with manufacturers that, according to the CPSC, stopped using phthalates in teethers in early 1999: ArcoToys, Chicco, Disney, Evenflo, The First Years, Gerber, Hasbro (Playskool), Little Tikes, Mattel (Fisher-Price), Safety 1st, Sassy, Shelcore Toys and Tyco Preschool.

Step 2:
Opt for toys made with other materials, such as latex or silicone, both of which are resilient, easy to clean and satisfying to sore gums for mouthy babies.

Step 3:
Look for toys with labels on packaging that state they are phthalate-free.

Step 4:
Use the following tactics for supporting teething babies. If you notice your child constantly chewing on a toy: massage baby's gums; let baby gnaw on a cold washcloth; sparingly apply topical teething gels; offer cold drinks or if appropriate, chilled comfort foods; and consult your doctor about over-the-counter children's pain medication.

Step 5:
Try to distract baby from a toy possibly made with phthalates with another interesting "safe" toy to chew on or change the child's activity.

Step 6:
Discard any soft, plastic toys that were manufactured before 1999, especially if the ingredients are unknown.



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How to Submit Missing CD Information via iTunes

Things You’ll Need:

  • Computer
  • iTunes
  • CD
  • CD Track Information (or liner notes)

Step 1:
Start up iTunes.

Step 2:
Insert your CD into your computer. If the CD track information is not available on CDDB, go to the next step. Otherwise, you don't need to do anything but enjoy the music.

Step 3:
Select "No" in the window that says "The song names for this CD could not be found online. Do you still want to import the songs?". It's not necessary to import the songs to your Library if you're submitting the track information.

Step 4:
Right-click (or control-click on a one-button mouse on a Mac) the first track and select "Get Info".

Step 5:
Fill in the track information for the song you selected. You just need to fill out the name of the track for now. Hit "OK" when you're done.

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How to Make a Snowflake Garland

Things You’ll Need:

  • Paper
  • Scissors
  • Glitter and markers
  • String or ribbon
  • Glue

Step 1:
Start your snowflake with a square piece of paper. If you are using letter-size copier paper, trim it into a square.

Step 2:
Create a triangle with your paper. Fold the upper left corner to the lower right corner.

Step 3:
Crease the paper in half again, to make a smaller triangle. Fold the 2 longer sides together.

Step 4:
Bend the left third of the triangle over to the right.

Step 5:
Cut off the bottom portion of your paper, it should be 2 points from the last 2 folds. You now have a tall, thin triangle.

Step 6:
Hold the paper triangle in your hand and cut out sections and shapes. You can cut straight, curved or wiggly lines to make your snowflake.

Step 7:
Unfold your paper triangle carefully, to see your finished snowflake. Decorate the snowflakes with glitter and markers. Use a string or ribbon to attach your snowflakes together in a beautiful paper snowflake garland.



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How to Choose a Thoroughbred Horse

Things You’ll Need:

  • 8-foot Lead Rope
  • Halter

Step 1:
Identify Thoroughbred horses by their sleek, muscular bodies.

Step 2:
Measure the adult Thoroughbred at 16 to 17.3 hands, with a weight of 1,000 to 1,300 pounds.

Step 3:
Appreciate the beauty of the Thoroughbred's long legs and slender body, which make it ideal for racing.

Step 4:
Note that being high-strung and sensitive gives Thoroughbreds an edge and helps them to compete successfully as race horses.

Step 5:
Be aware that insemination by artificial means is not currently allowed or sanctioned by the Thoroughbred industry. All breeding must be accomplished through live coverage, in which the mare is physically bred by the stud.

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How to Dress to Look Skinnier

Things You’ll Need:

  • Dark clothing

Step 1:
Wear dark colors. Lighter colors have a tendency to show off a person’s flaws. Choose dark colors to hide some of those flaws and make you look skinnier.

Step 2:
Show more of your neck to look thinner. If your neck looks longer it will make you look skinnier. Wear V-neck shirts or low-cut blouses to help make you appear thinner.

Step 3:
Avoid the horizontal. Horizontal stripes make you look wider. Wearing clothing with horizontal stripes can actually make you look bigger than you are. Wear clothing with vertical stripes or no stripes at all.

Step 4:
Change your proportions. Or at least look like you did. Wear low-rise pants to make your trunk appear longer and less bulky.

Step 5:
Keep your hair out of your face. If you have long hair you should wear it up to make you look skinnier. If you don’t like to wear your hair up, try curls.

Step 6:
Wear accessories near the features you want to accentuate to draw attention from problem areas.

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How to Deck the Halls for the Holidays

Things You’ll Need:

  • Yuletide tree
  • Trimmings and ornaments (Christmas balls, glitters, ribbons, silk flowers, dried flowers and artificial fruits)
  • Nutcrackers
  • Wreaths
  • Swags
  • Bows
  • Holiday lights
  • Scented candles
  • Mantle piece
  • Centerpiece
  • Velvet throws
  • Fire logs
  • Christmas stockings
  • Holiday greeting cards
  • Potpourri
  • Holiday music
  • Holiday village and people
  • Train set

Step 1:

A yuletide tree trimmed and lit. (GNU Free license)

Trim the tree. During the holiday season, a staple of every home big or small is a Yuletide or Christmas tree. There are fake ones, real ones, green ones and white ones. Trim it with your favorite decorations using vibrant colors to warm up the holidays. Jewel tones of reds, greens and golds are also known as traditional colors. You can also use white, purple, blue and silver balls for a more contemporary look. Use silk and dried flowers,as well as artificial fruits, and then add glitters and ribbons for a finishing touch. Display a collection of holiday village miniature homes and people by the foot of the tree, and then add a toy train set that circles around the yuletide tree.

Step 2:

Rowan redberry wreath. (Wikimedia Commons)

Holiday wreaths. You can make your own or buy pre-made holiday wreaths to hang on your walls, above a fireplace mantle or your front door. Make sure that you use colors that match the decorations on your yuletide tree.

Step 3:

Hang swags on archways and entryways. (by shebaduhkitty/morguefile)

Hang swags. Swags can be used around the fireplace mantle, to adorn the handrails of stairs or surround the frame of a big hall or dining mirror. You can also add a swag with trimmings similar to those used on your tree, then hang on archways or entryway. Swags should be decorated with similar items used on the yuletide tree.

Step 4:
Add a centerpiece. Decorate the dining table with a beautiful centerpiece. Again, use the same theme used all around the house. For a rustic and natural effect, add dried fruits, dried flowers and sticks. Put a big candle in a hurricane to add a warm glow to dinners.

Step 5:

A collection of nutcrackers displayed on top of a mantle. (mconnors/morguefile)

Decorate the fireplace mantle. Place a matching mantlepiece similar to the dining room table centerpiece. Display collectibles like nutcrackers, figurines and put a mantle runner down to add more interest to the holiday display.

A christmas stocking. (ladyheart/morguefile)

Hang stockings. Hang holiday stockings on fireplace mantles. Use different sizes and materials, keeping in mind the overall theme as your guide. If you do not have a fireplace mantle, you can hang the stockings by the handrails of the stairs, or you can hang them staggered on plain walls. Decorate the stockings with the name of each recipient or add photos to personalize them.

Xmas lights can add glow to the holidays. (pennywise/morguefile)

Add holiday lights. You can add holiday lights to the tree, wreaths and swags to add warmth and glow to the holidays.

Nothing is more warm and welcoming than a fireplace during the holidays. (alli100/morguefile)

Use that fireplace. If you have a fireplace, use it during the holidays. A fireplace can warm up the holidays by keeping the ambiance cozy. If you do not have a fireplace, you can create a faux fireplace by building a fireplace mantle and putting several pillar candles in the middle to add some heat and a warm glow. You can also buy a ready-made portable fireplace that makes use of gas logs and does not need to be hooked up to a chimney. It is both decorative and functional due to the heat it emits to the room, keeping you and your company warm and toasty.

A potpourri can add a nice scent to a holiday atmosphere. (d0dg3/morguefile)

Add scents. Use scented candles, potpourri or fragrance sprays to enhance the scent of the room during the holidays. Choose scents that are commonly used during the holidays like cinnamon scent, pine tree scent or dried citrus fruits and flowers scent.

Boxed gifts can be used as decorations by the tree, in the living room or entry way.

Decorate every nook or cranny. Decorate the top of a console table and buffet table. Decorate the inside and top of your china cabinet. If you have a piano, decorate the top with a candelabra with gold taper candles. Decorate the foyer, living room, dining room and kitchen. Decorate all over the house to bring the beauty of this holiday season everywhere you go. If you have enough decorations to spare, you can also decorate the guest bathroom, bedrooms and den. Decorate the family room by adding warm tones. Replace throw pillows with warm velvety pillows. Drape a throw on the sofa to make it warmer and ready for the season. Use wrapped gifts to display by the tree or by the entry way.

View All Steps

How to Lose Weight Fast

Step 1:
Get your attitude in check. A positive outlook is a great start to shedding the amount of weight you want to lose. Keep this in mind throughout the process.

Step 2:
Look into gyms in the area if you haven’t already and select one that looks like a place you’d like to work out. Most gyms offer a free trial membership so you can see if that gym is the place for you.

Step 3:
Begin a regiment of intense cardio at least twice a week for at least 45 minutes as well as a weight training program three times a week. This is a very important step as exercise is the key to weight loss.

Step 4:
Research different diet options. There are a variety of options online as well as in magazines and commercials. The Special K Challenge is a popular diet option, as well as the Atkins program.

Step 5:
Select a diet based on your needs and specifications. It’s important to pick a diet you are sure you can live with, because if you hate the diet it will be all to easy to quit. Programs like Jenny Craig are relatively stringent in their requirements. Some programs are also expensive and require you to buy specialized foods. The South Beach diet program is a relatively inexpensive program that is very popular.

Step 6:
Stick with your diet and workout regiment. It takes time for weight loss to become visible and apparent. Good luck.

How to Choose an SEO Firm

Step 1:
Avoid search engine optimization companies that send you emails promising quick results or offer to put you at the top of major search engines.

Step 2:
Perform a background check. Get references and find out if other search engine companies would recommend them.

Step 3:
Avoid search engine optimization companies that say they'll submit your page to thousands of search engines or offer pay-per-click advertising for your page. This falls into the realm of search engine marketing and not search engine optimization.

Step 4:
Avoid search engine optimization companies that won't reveal what methods they're using to optimize your site. Some of their practices could be deceptive and may result in your page being banned by the major search engines.

Step 5:
Shun search engine optimization firms that require the installation of extra software, such as one that allows you to type keywords into your web browser.

Step 6:
Find a good search engine optimization company that will perform an analysis of your website and pick up keywords and phrases to improve the site's position in search engines. It may also provide a linking service, but many do not, because it's a slow process and can be unreliable.

Step 7:
Make sure the company you choose will continue to maintain and monitor your website for changes, at least on a monthly basis. Search engine criteria can change fairly often. And, if you constantly update your site, there will be more pages to be optimized.

How to Change Myspace Song

Things You’ll Need:

  • Myspace account
  • Computer and Internet connection
  • Myspace account
  • Existing song on your Myspace page
  • Internet connection and computer

How to Put a Song on Your Myspace Page

Step 1:
Login to your Myspace account. Go to the control panel on the left-hand side of your page, and click on "profile."

Step 2:
This takes you to "profile edit." You can select Personal info, groups or comments. Select "personal info."

Step 3:
On the right, look for the blue link for "song and video." Left-click once on this.

Step 4:
You should see "Profile song: Add a song to your profile." Beside these words is a blue link to "Find a band in Myspace Music." Left-click once on this link.

Step 5:
If you know the song you want, do a keyword search for it at the right top of the page you were just taken to. If not, search the directory for a band and song you want.

View All Steps

How to Change DNS servers at Network Solutions

Things You’ll Need:

  • Your Network Solutions user ID and password
  • Internet connection
  • At least two domain name servers (DNS)--up to 13--from the service provider that will be hosting your domain name

Step 1:
Go to http://networksolutions.com.

Step 2:
Click the "Account Manager" button at the top of the page.

Step 3:
Enter your "User ID" and "Password."

Step 4:
Click the "Login" button.

Step 5:
Enter you domain name you want to change.

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How to use Yahoo Email in a Nutshell

How to conquer Yahoo email

Step 1:
Click on your Inbox on the left hand side of the screen.

Step 2:
Any of the messages highlighted in bold are messages you have not read yet.

Step 3:
Click on the subject to read the message.

Step 4:
If you would like to reply when you are finished reading the message, click the "reply" box on the top (or bottom) of the email.

Step 5:
If you are finished with the message and do not want to save it, click on the delete button (again, above or below the message). It will land in the trash.

View All Steps

How to Use MSN or Hotmail Email Quickly

Things You’ll Need:

  • A functioning computer with an Internet connection.
  • A Hotmail or MSN email account already set up with your username and password.

Using MSN Windows Hotmail Basic Email Functions

Step 1:
Go to www.hotmail.com and enter your username and password in the box on the side.

Step 2:
Click on Inbox on the left hand side of your screen. If it has a number in bold after it, for example, that is the number of unread emails you have in your box.

Step 3:
Click either on the sender or message column to open up the email.

Step 4:
Once you are in the email, you can click reply on the top of the screen and type a message.

Step 5:
If you are finished with the message and do not want to save it, you can click on the delete, by the red "X" towards the top of your screen.

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How to Transfer Files From Internal Hard Drive to an External Hard Drive

Things You’ll Need:

  • External hard drive ( talk to your local computer expert to see what type of external hard drive will best suit your needs.)
  • Depending on what type of computer you have you can purchase external hard drives directly from your computer provider (eg. www.dell.com) or from a office supply store in your area - Staples, Office D
  • Have your computer or laptop (and the external drive handy) while you follow these steps

Step 1:
To pick an external hard drive - base it on what types of storage needs you have. If you have a lot of images, music files, or videos an external drive with lots of storage space on it would be ideal. If you are transferring documents and paperwork, a smaller one would work for that.

Step 2:
Most external hard drives are connected by a USB ( Universal Serial Bus ) cable and most computers are compatible with them. This type would be your best bet (in my opinion) and easiest to find.

Step 3:
To transfer data, plug the USB cable into the correct port. Usually your computer will know that it has a new drive attached and a pop up box will alert you. It will scan it to determine what to do with the new connection and your computer will assign it a drive letter ( eg Drive C:, and so forth.) This will allow you to transfer data to the external hard drive just like you would move files around on your computers internal hard drive.

Step 4:

Picture courtesy of www.oreillynet.com

Once you have the USB cable plugged into your computers port (and the other end plugged into the external drive) you can now start saving files you would like on the external drive. You can save them just on the external hard drive or you can use it as a back up.

Step 5:

Picture courtesy of www.microsoft.com

Open the item(s)or folder(s) you would like to transfer or save on your external hard drive. There are two ways to save them to the external hard drive 1.) If you only have a couple of things to save, you can open each item, click on file - save as - and choose the letter/drive that was previously assigned to your external hard drive. This will save it to the external hard drive.

This photo is just an example....your external hard drive will have its own letter assigned to it.

2.) If you have large files or alot of them to transfer. A window will be open for your external hard drive and it will show you what has been saved on your external hard drive (or it will be blank if there is nothing saved on it.) You can click on the item you want moved (holding the right mouse button down) and drag the item over to the window for your external hard drive. You can do this with as many files as necessary. You can select a few files at a time by holding down the shift key and clicking on the items you want to drag to the new location.

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How to Protect an Apple Laptop

Things You’ll Need:

  • Apple laptop

Step 1:

Don't let this be you while traveling.

Use common sense. When carrying your laptop, don’t leave it lying in the front seat of your car when you park, and when traveling, be vigilant at airport security checkpoints where you’re going to be flustered dealing with the TSA. Thieves love it when you’re flustered.

Step 2:

Hang on to your laptop by all means necessary

Even if you're careful, you still might lose your laptop, so make sure you’ve secured your personal or financial information. Check through your Apple operating system and enable security and encryption applications, such as FileVault and Keychain.

Step 3:
Secure your laptop with a strong password. It should be at least 8 or more characters in length, but if you have the patience and the paranoia, 14 characters or longer is not a bad idea. One easy way to create a long password is to come up with a full sentence, with both words and letters, you can remember easily.

Step 4:
It’s the advice everyone gets, but rarely takes, and that is to back up your data regularly, especially before you take your laptop on a trip. Invest in an external hard drive, such as a Lacie Drive, and use the appropriate software to set up a regularly scheduled back up appointment.

Step 5:

Watch out for spys

Take advantage of all the other basic security precautions available on your operating system, including the anti-virus and anti-spyware software. Make sure you install operating system updates, too, whenever they announce their arrival on your screen.

be careful eating around your laptop

Again, it’s obvious, but do watch out when drinking soda or coffee near your laptop. A mishap with the double espresso that’s powering your brain to write your eHow article “How to Type Faster” will have you in a bad mood for days. Think about buying a keyboard protector from Zcover.com, to protect against such accidents.

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How to Get an iPod Touch, iPhone, or other Apple product of your choice FREE. As seen on the BBC.

Love Apple but Loathe the prices? Well believe it or not, there is a solution. Follow just three simple steps, and your FREE iPod Touch, or whatever product you choose, will be shipped out to you in no time. How is this possible? This is basically a new form of online marketing that enables companies to advertise their services to the general public through 'offers'. These offers include completely free trials that don't cost us a penny. Whats the catch? The great thing is, there really isn't one. These 'freebie' sites earn commission when a new customer completes an offer on their sponsors' site, earning them enough to pay for our free Apple gifts, and make a profit. So everybody wins, it really is that simple. Wheres the proof? Now it's probably safe to say you're thinking this all sounds a little too good to be true. Well there may not be such a thing as a free lunch, but I guarantee you, there IS such a thing as a free iPod...or MacBook...or...well you get the picture. Legitimacy has been reported by the BBC, and there are abundant testimonials from genuine people like you and me, stating and showing their free gifts, received with absolutely no downsides. Additionally, theres exceem.co.uk - members of this ever growing community (currently 5,922) have received over £65,000 worth of free gifts between them alone. Just take a look at the "I Got My Free Item!" and "The Brag Thread" topics located here: http://www.exceem.co.uk/forums/i-got-my-free-item *Note: The BBC News report, and testimonial video can be found via the link provided in step one of this article.

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How to Clean A Laptop Screen

Step 1:
Wipe the laptop screen with a soft cloth. By wiping the screen before you start, you will remove any of the loose excess dust and dirt particles.

Step 2:
Mix equal parts of alcohol and distilled water in the small bowl.

Step 3:
Dip one of the soft cloths into the mixture. Wring out excess liquid until the cloth is damp.

Step 4:
Clean the laptop screen with the damp cloth.

Step 5:
Remove excess moisture with a dry soft cloth.

How to Buy a Used PC

Step 1:
The first and foremost consideration, will this computer meet your needs? Will you want to add expansion cards? If so, you will need some spare motherboard slots. What kind of software do you intend on installing? Ensure that the PC meets the requirements and that you have enough space on the hard drive.

Step 2:
Do you plan on upgrading this PC? If you are planning to upgrade the PC with a faster processor, or memory, you should see what kind of motherboard the PC has and if the intended hardware is supported. If it doesn't support the upgrades, then you might want to re-consider buying that PC because the combined cost of buying a processor, motherboard and supported memory will probably cost the same or more as the PC itself.

Step 3:
Make sure it has all the documentation for all of the hardware. For a lot of hardware this isn't so important because you can probably get the information off of the internet, but if it is no-name generic hardware having this documentation is important.

Step 4:
Be sure it comes with the original software disks. Well, at least the OS CD-ROM. You may not plan on using the original software, but having at least the original OS CD-ROM will at least allow you to retrieve some drivers if needed, plus you will need the original license.

Step 5:
Check the internal cleanliness. Checking out the power supply and fans for excessive dust. This may give you an indication of the environment this PC was in previously and how well it was cared for.

Step 6:
Perform some tests. If you can run a scandisk to check the hard drive for errors. Test the sound, CD-ROM, all the keyboard keys. You can find some diagnostic utilities on the web for free that will test all of the hardware.



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How to Assign ASP.NET Permissions to an Account

Step 1:
Run the following command from a command window. aspnet_regiis -ga MachineName\AccountName Where MachineName is the name of your server or the domain name if you are using a domain account, and AccountName is the name of your custom account.

http://www.ehow.com/how_2002218_assign-aspnet-permissions-account.html

How to Adjust The Size Of Text On A Web Page

Things You’ll Need:

  • A mouse with a roller ball

Step 1:
Press down on the Ctrl key. Hold it down.

Step 2:
Put your other hand on the mouse.

Step 3:
Click with the mouse on any part of the web page that is not a link.

Step 4:
To increase the size of the text on the web page, use your finger to roll the roller ball on the mouse toward you.

Step 5:
To decrease the size of the text on the web page, use your finger to roll the roller ball on the mouse away from you.

Step 6:
To stop moving the size of the text, let go of the Ctrl key.

How to Upgrade your Video Card

Things You’ll Need:

  • A computer to upgrade
  • internet access for research

Step 1:
Determine the video socket type on your mother board. There are 3 main types. PCI, AGP, PCI-E Look at the photo comparison and write down the type of card you have. If you have PCI or PCI-E, you are set. You can jump to step 5.

Step 2:
If you have AGP, sit down and take a deep breath. Let it out. ok here wee go. You must determine which version of AGP you have. Over the many years of AGP, card-makers improved the technology and also changed the socket of agp along the way.

Step 3:
In the year 1999-2000, the agp style was brand new and was known as 1X. In 2002, the upgrade began and they came at a crazy rate. the only people in a jam are those who own 1X machines and there is hope for you. I have found at least 2 cards that work with 1X machines. I will share those card names in step 5. There are 3 main types. 1x, 2X-4X, 4X-8X many card makers will overlap many versions but some will only support a handful of speeds.

Step 4:
The best place to start is with the card connector appearance or your documentation from the computer maker. Since documentation can be hard to find, lets look at the video card's edge connector. The AGP standard uses notches in the card's edge to force the user to use the right card. Most of the time, this will be all you need, but there are times when you just need to know what your computer will support. (depending on what the video card maker lists as supported AGP speeds.)

Step 5:
The biggest (but not the only) difference between the AGP style is the voltage available to the video card. Some motherboards actually offer more than one voltage and can handle more card types. Luckily there are some card makers who offer video cards that can accept more than one voltage level and they auto adjust as needed. Very few cards will list 1X as a feature. Most will say 2x-8x or 4x-8x. So to sum up.. If you have a 1X card, look at the Matrox Millenium G450 16MB AGP Connect3D Radeon 9250se I have these 2 cards and they are both 1X-4x. Or just use a PCI Card if needed. If you have a computer with 4x-8x ability, you can pick most any new card.

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